{"id":12054,"date":"2026-04-14T00:57:21","date_gmt":"2026-04-14T00:57:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/professnow.com\/profession\/top-10-best-airbnb-manager-in-ho-chi-minh-city\/"},"modified":"2026-04-14T00:57:21","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T00:57:21","slug":"top-10-best-airbnb-manager-in-ho-chi-minh-city","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/professnow.com\/profession\/top-10-best-airbnb-manager-in-ho-chi-minh-city\/","title":{"rendered":"Top 10 Best Airbnb Manager in Ho Chi Minh City (Verified &#038; Reviewed Guide)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Running a short-term rental in Ho Chi Minh City can be profitable, but it\u2019s rarely \u201cset and forget.\u201d Between fast guest turnover, building rules, maintenance, and constant pricing shifts, many hosts look for an Airbnb Manager to protect ratings and stabilize revenue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This guide explains what an Airbnb Manager actually does, what it typically costs in Ho Chi Minh City, and how to choose a reliable operator. You\u2019ll also find a shortlist of providers that can be verified from widely known, public-facing business presence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Important note on verification: dedicated \u201cAirbnb management\u201d companies in Ho Chi Minh City often operate as small teams or individuals and may not publish consistent, verifiable business details (pricing, scope, reviews). To avoid inventing information, this list focuses on property management firms with established local operations; however, <strong>their Airbnb-specific scope is often not publicly stated and must be confirmed directly<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">About Airbnb Manager<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>An Airbnb Manager (also called a short-term rental manager or co-host) handles the day-to-day operations of your Airbnb listing. The goal is simple: keep occupancy high, reviews strong, and operations smooth\u2014without the owner being on-call.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Typical responsibilities include coordinating cleaning and laundry, guest messaging, check-in\/out, restocking, maintenance, pricing updates, calendar management, and handling guest issues. Some managers also help with listing setup (photos, copywriting), revenue management, and basic bookkeeping.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You\u2019ll usually need an Airbnb Manager when you:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Live overseas or outside Ho Chi Minh City<\/li>\n<li>Manage more than one unit<\/li>\n<li>Want hotel-level response times and consistent cleaning standards<\/li>\n<li>Are struggling with reviews, pricing, or frequent maintenance headaches<\/li>\n<li>Need someone to coordinate vendors and handle emergencies<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Average cost in Ho Chi Minh City:<\/strong> Varies \/ depends. Common pricing models (globally and often in major cities) include a percentage of booking revenue (often in the teens to low 30% range), fixed monthly retainers, and separate pass-through fees for cleaning, laundry, and repairs. In Ho Chi Minh City, the final cost depends heavily on unit type (studio vs. multi-bedroom), building requirements, and turnover frequency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Licensing or certifications:<\/strong> Not publicly stated as a single required \u201cAirbnb Manager license\u201d in Ho Chi Minh City. In practice, compliance may involve business registration, tax obligations, and adherence to building rules and local regulations. Requirements vary \/ depend and should be confirmed for your specific property and building.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key takeaways<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>An Airbnb Manager is primarily an operations role: guests, cleaning, maintenance, and pricing.<\/li>\n<li>Costs are usually structured as revenue share, a monthly fee, or a hybrid.<\/li>\n<li>In Ho Chi Minh City, building policies can matter as much as citywide rules.<\/li>\n<li>If details aren\u2019t published, ask for them in writing before you sign.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How We Selected the Best Airbnb Manager in Ho Chi Minh City<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We used a practical set of selection criteria focused on what matters to owners and what can be validated without guessing:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Years of experience<\/strong> (public company history when available)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Verified customer review signals<\/strong> (publicly available only; otherwise \u201cNot publicly stated\u201d)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Service range<\/strong> (operations, guest messaging, cleaning coordination, pricing, reporting)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pricing transparency<\/strong> (clear fee models, what\u2019s included vs. pass-through)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Local reputation<\/strong> (recognizable market presence and established local operations)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Where Airbnb-specific offerings, review summaries, or contact details were not clearly published, they are marked <strong>\u201cNot publicly stated.\u201d<\/strong> This avoids overstating capabilities and helps you know exactly what to confirm during discovery calls.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">About Ho Chi Minh City<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ho Chi Minh City is Vietnam\u2019s largest commercial hub and a major gateway for international and domestic travelers. Demand for short-term stays is driven by business travel, tourism, medical visits, and longer \u201cwork-from-anywhere\u201d stays\u2014creating steady opportunities for well-run rentals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Because guest expectations are high (fast communication, consistent cleanliness, smooth check-in), service demand for an Airbnb Manager in Ho Chi Minh City tends to concentrate around areas with strong visitor appeal, modern buildings, and convenient transport.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key neighborhoods commonly served<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>District 1<\/strong> (CBD, tourist core)<\/li>\n<li><strong>District 3<\/strong> (central, quieter, still convenient)<\/li>\n<li><strong>District 4<\/strong> (close to D1, high-rise living)<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u00ecnh Th\u1ea1nh<\/strong> (near center; includes popular residential zones)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Th\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ee9c City<\/strong> (including expat-favored pockets; exact sub-areas vary \/ depend)<\/li>\n<li><strong>District 7<\/strong> (planned communities, family-oriented, corporate stays)<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u00e2n B\u00ecnh<\/strong> (airport access; short stays and layovers)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Top 5 Best Airbnb Manager in Ho Chi Minh City<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Dedicated Airbnb management providers in Ho Chi Minh City may not publish enough stable, verifiable information (pricing, service scope, review summaries, ownership) to be responsibly listed here without speculation. The organizations below have established local operations and property-management capability; <strong>confirm Airbnb-specific management and short-term rental support directly<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">#1 \u2014 Savills Vietnam<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rating (format: 4.7\/5 or &#8220;Not publicly stated&#8221;): Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Years of Experience: Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Services Offered: Property management; leasing support; operational reporting (Airbnb\/short-term rental management: Not publicly stated)<\/li>\n<li>Price Range: Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Contact Phone: Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Contact Email (if available): Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Website (if available): https:\/\/www.savills.com.vn\/<\/li>\n<li>Google Map or ProfessNow or Yelp Link  (Leave it blank)<\/li>\n<li>Google Reviews Summary (summarized, not copied; if unknown write &#8220;Not publicly stated&#8221;): Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Best For (Budget \/ Emergency \/ Premium \/ Family-Friendly \/ etc.): Premium \/ corporate-grade property operations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">#2 \u2014 CBRE Vietnam<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rating (format: 4.7\/5 or &#8220;Not publicly stated&#8221;): Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Years of Experience: Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Services Offered: Property management; leasing and advisory services (Airbnb\/short-term rental management: Not publicly stated)<\/li>\n<li>Price Range: Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Contact Phone: Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Contact Email (if available): Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Website (if available): https:\/\/www.cbre.com.vn\/<\/li>\n<li>Google Map or ProfessNow or Yelp Link  (Leave it blank)<\/li>\n<li>Google Reviews Summary (summarized, not copied; if unknown write &#8220;Not publicly stated&#8221;): Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Best For (Budget \/ Emergency \/ Premium \/ Family-Friendly \/ etc.): Premium \/ owners needing structured reporting and process<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">#3 \u2014 JLL Vietnam<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rating (format: 4.7\/5 or &#8220;Not publicly stated&#8221;): Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Years of Experience: Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Services Offered: Property and facility-related services; advisory (Airbnb\/short-term rental management: Not publicly stated)<\/li>\n<li>Price Range: Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Contact Phone: Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Contact Email (if available): Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Website (if available): https:\/\/www.jll.com.vn\/<\/li>\n<li>Google Map or ProfessNow or Yelp Link  (Leave it blank)<\/li>\n<li>Google Reviews Summary (summarized, not copied; if unknown write &#8220;Not publicly stated&#8221;): Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Best For (Budget \/ Emergency \/ Premium \/ Family-Friendly \/ etc.): Premium \/ multi-unit owners who want operational discipline<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">#4 \u2014 Colliers Vietnam<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rating (format: 4.7\/5 or &#8220;Not publicly stated&#8221;): Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Years of Experience: Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Services Offered: Real estate services; property-related services (Airbnb\/short-term rental management: Not publicly stated)<\/li>\n<li>Price Range: Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Contact Phone: Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Contact Email (if available): Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Website (if available): https:\/\/www.colliers.com\/en-vn<\/li>\n<li>Google Map or ProfessNow or Yelp Link  (Leave it blank)<\/li>\n<li>Google Reviews Summary (summarized, not copied; if unknown write &#8220;Not publicly stated&#8221;): Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Best For (Budget \/ Emergency \/ Premium \/ Family-Friendly \/ etc.): Premium \/ owners comparing management approaches and standards<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">#5 \u2014 Cushman &amp; Wakefield Vietnam<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rating (format: 4.7\/5 or &#8220;Not publicly stated&#8221;): Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Years of Experience: Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Services Offered: Property services and advisory (Airbnb\/short-term rental management: Not publicly stated)<\/li>\n<li>Price Range: Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Contact Phone: Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Contact Email (if available): Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Website (if available): https:\/\/www.cushmanwakefield.com\/en\/vietnam<\/li>\n<li>Google Map or ProfessNow or Yelp Link  (Leave it blank)<\/li>\n<li>Google Reviews Summary (summarized, not copied; if unknown write &#8220;Not publicly stated&#8221;): Not publicly stated<\/li>\n<li>Best For (Budget \/ Emergency \/ Premium \/ Family-Friendly \/ etc.): Premium \/ integrated property services mindset<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comparison Table<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Professional<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: right;\">Rating<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: right;\">Experience<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: right;\">Price Range<\/th>\n<th>Best For<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Savills Vietnam<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right;\">Not publicly stated<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right;\">Not publicly stated<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right;\">Not publicly stated<\/td>\n<td>Premium \/ corporate-grade property operations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CBRE Vietnam<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right;\">Not publicly stated<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right;\">Not publicly stated<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right;\">Not publicly stated<\/td>\n<td>Premium \/ structured reporting and process<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>JLL Vietnam<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right;\">Not publicly stated<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right;\">Not publicly stated<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right;\">Not publicly stated<\/td>\n<td>Premium \/ multi-unit operational discipline<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Colliers Vietnam<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right;\">Not publicly stated<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right;\">Not publicly stated<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right;\">Not publicly stated<\/td>\n<td>Premium \/ standards comparison and oversight<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cushman &amp; Wakefield Vietnam<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right;\">Not publicly stated<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right;\">Not publicly stated<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right;\">Not publicly stated<\/td>\n<td>Premium \/ integrated property services<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cost of Hiring a Airbnb Manager in Ho Chi Minh City<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pricing for an Airbnb Manager in Ho Chi Minh City varies \/ depends, but most arrangements fall into a few recognizable models:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Revenue share:<\/strong> A percentage of booking revenue. This often aligns incentives but can feel expensive during high season.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fixed monthly fee:<\/strong> Predictable costs; best when occupancy is stable.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hybrid:<\/strong> Smaller monthly retainer plus a lower percentage, often used for multi-unit portfolios.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pass-through expenses:<\/strong> Cleaning, laundry, consumables, and repairs billed separately (common even with revenue share).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Average price range:<\/strong> Varies \/ depends. If you\u2019re comparing quotes, focus less on the headline percentage and more on what is included: guest messaging hours, how maintenance is handled, whether linens are provided, and whether pricing optimization is part of the service.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Emergency pricing:<\/strong> Some managers charge extra for after-hours call-outs, last-minute linen swaps, or urgent maintenance coordination. Many will instead define \u201cemergency coverage\u201d in the monthly fee. If this isn\u2019t documented, assume it\u2019s not included.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What affects cost<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Property location (ease of access for cleaning and maintenance)<\/li>\n<li>Unit size and guest capacity (cleaning time and linen volume)<\/li>\n<li>Turnover frequency (more check-ins = more labor)<\/li>\n<li>Check-in method (in-person handover vs. smart lock)<\/li>\n<li>Maintenance condition and age of furnishings\/appliances<\/li>\n<li>Building rules (registration, security procedures, restrictions on short stays)<\/li>\n<li>Owner expectations (hotel-style staging, premium amenities, rapid issue resolution)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How much does a Airbnb Manager cost in Ho Chi Minh City?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Varies \/ depends. Many managers quote a revenue-share model plus separate cleaning and maintenance costs. Always ask for an example monthly statement based on your expected occupancy and nightly rate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to choose the best Airbnb Manager in Ho Chi Minh City?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Prioritize clear scope and proof of process: response time targets, cleaning checklists, escalation for guest complaints, and monthly reporting. If they can\u2019t describe their workflow, performance usually won\u2019t be consistent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Are licenses required in Ho Chi Minh City?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A single \u201cAirbnb Manager license\u201d is not publicly stated. In practice, compliance may involve business registration, tax handling, and building-level rules. Confirm requirements for your address and building.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Who offers 24\/7 service in Ho Chi Minh City?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Not publicly stated for the providers listed above. If you need 24\/7 coverage, ask specifically about after-hours guest messaging, emergency maintenance, and who answers the phone overnight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What should be included in Airbnb management services?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>At minimum: guest messaging, cleaning coordination, linen handling, restocking basics, and issue resolution. Ideally also: pricing optimization, calendar management, and photo\/listing improvements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Is it better to pay a percentage or a fixed monthly fee?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A percentage model can work well if you want the manager incentivized to grow bookings. Fixed fees can be better for stable, longer stays or when you already have strong demand and want cost predictability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Can an Airbnb Manager help with listing setup and photography?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Some do, but it\u2019s often an add-on. Ask whether setup includes professional photos, listing copywriting, house rules, and an initial inventory checklist\u2014then get it in writing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How do I compare managers if reviews aren\u2019t publicly available?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ask for anonymized performance examples: average response time, how they handle disputes, and what their cleaning QA looks like. You can also request references (if available) and review a sample monthly owner report.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What questions should I ask before signing a management agreement?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ask about fee structure, cancellation terms, damage handling, who pays for replacements, guest screening approach, and how often you\u2019ll receive reporting. Also confirm who holds the Airbnb account and payout access.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Do Airbnb managers handle cleaning and laundry in-house?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Varies \/ depends. Some have internal teams; others subcontract. Either can work, but insist on a documented checklist and a process for re-cleans after guest complaints.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Final Recommendation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you want a <strong>hands-on, end-to-end Airbnb co-host<\/strong>, you\u2019ll likely need to interview <strong>specialist local Airbnb Manager operators<\/strong> directly, because many don\u2019t publish consistent, verifiable information online. Use the cost factors and FAQ questions above to qualify them fast.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you want <strong>corporate-grade property operations, structured reporting, and established real estate process<\/strong>, start by speaking with the large firms listed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Savills Vietnam<\/strong> and <strong>CBRE Vietnam<\/strong> are strong starting points for owners who value process, governance, and professional reporting (confirm short-term rental scope).<\/li>\n<li><strong>JLL Vietnam<\/strong>, <strong>Colliers Vietnam<\/strong>, and <strong>Cushman &amp; Wakefield Vietnam<\/strong> can be suitable when you want broader property services and oversight (again, confirm Airbnb-specific support).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For budget-focused hosts, the best value usually comes from a dedicated independent Airbnb Manager with clear service scope and tight cleaning control\u2014just make sure fees, coverage hours, and responsibilities are written down.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Get Your Business Listed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you\u2019re a Airbnb Manager in Ho Chi Minh City and want your details added or updated, email <strong>contact@professnow.com<\/strong>. You can also registe &amp; Update yourself at <strong>https:\/\/professnow.com\/<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[517,52],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12054","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-airbnb-manager","category-ho-chi-minh-city"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/professnow.com\/profession\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12054","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/professnow.com\/profession\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/professnow.com\/profession\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/professnow.com\/profession\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/professnow.com\/profession\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12054"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/professnow.com\/profession\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12054\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/professnow.com\/profession\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/professnow.com\/profession\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/professnow.com\/profession\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}